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Early stages of embryogenesis of tailless amphibians
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Early stages of embryogenesis of tailless amphibians : ウィキペディア英語版
Early stages of embryogenesis of tailless amphibians

(詳細はembryonic development of tailless amphibians is presented below using the African clawed frog (''Xenopus laevis'') and the northern leopard frog (''Rana pipiens'') as examples.
The oocyte in these frog species is a polarized cell - it has specified axes and poles. The animal pole of the cell contains pigment cells, whereas the vegetal pole contains most of the nutritive material in the form of yolk. The pigment is composed of light-absorbing melanin.
The sperm cell enters the oocyte in the region of the animal pole. Two blocks - defensive mechanisms meant to prevent polyspermy- occur: the fast block and the slow block. A relatively short time after fertilization, the cortical cytoplasm (located just beneath the cell membrane) rotates by 30 degrees. This results in the creation of the gray crescent. Its establishment determines the location of the dorsal and ventral (up-down) axis, as well as of the anterior and posterior (front-back) axis and the dextro-sinistral (left-right) axis of the embryo.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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